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Generative AI and jobs : a refined global index of occupational exposure
Geneva: ILO, 2025
Abstract:
This ILO Working Paper refines the global measurement of occupational exposure to generative AI by combining task-level data, expert input, and AI model predictions. It offers an improved methodological framework to assess how GenAI may impact jobs across countries and sectors. This study updates the ILO’s 2023 Global Index of Occupational Exposure to Generative AI (GenAI). The 2025 scores are presented in a revised framework of four progressively increasing exposure gradients, with a ...; [read all]
This ILO Working Paper refines the global measurement of occupational exposure to generative AI by combining task-level data, expert input, and AI model predictions. It offers an improved methodological framework to assess how GenAI may impact jobs across countries and sectors. This study updates the ILO’s 2023 Global Index of Occupational Exposure to Generative AI (GenAI). The 2025 scores are presented in a revised framework of four progressively increasing exposure gradients, with a new set of global estimates of employment shares exposed to GenAI. The scores are presented in a revised framework of four progressively increasing exposure gradients, with a new set of global estimates of employment shares exposed to GenAI. Clerical occupations continue to have the highest exposure levels. Additionally, some strongly digitized occupations have increased exposure, highlighting the expanding abilities of GenAI regarding specialized tasks in professional and technical roles.
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